Nagase Yumi
Kansai Gaidai University. Associate professor
An analysis of the diplomatic aspect of the missionary and pastoral activities of the Basque Bishop of Guam during his forced stay in Japan (1942-1943) (2)
In this study, we do a qualitative analysis of the diplomatic aspect of the missionary and pastoral activities which the Bishop of Guam, Miguel Angel Olano y Urteaga, Basque Capuchin from Navarra, Spain, developed from 1942 to 1943 in Japan. Olano was brought from Guam, his vicariate, practically as a prisoner, to Japan. At that time, period of the Second World War, Guam was an American military base taken by the Japanese troops. The source that we analyze is a Chronicle written by this Bishop Olano during his exile in Japan in the above-mentioned period. This study is a continuation of a research presented in June 2021, in a congress of the Japanese Society of History of Spain. This research has been funded by JSPS Kakenhi Grant #20K01538.
Concretely, we try to respond to the following questions: 1) How was the diplomatic activity of Olano, as a missionary and a bishop, developed? 2) Which was the objective of his activity? 3) Did he go over to the Japanese during his exile in Japan? 4) What was the difference between the Japanese way and Olano's? 5) How was the relationship of Olano with the faithful in Japan and those who were left behind in Guam?
We will, definitively, find what kind of role he assumed in the pursuit of peace, as a Catholic bishop, through his missionary and pastoral activities, in spite of the constant surveillance of the Japanese government, and of his status as a captive in Japan, while he was a national of Spain, a friendly country to Japan at that moment and a neutral herself in the War.
As we focus on the source written and preserved by Olano himself, our methodology, intentions, point of view and source differ from the earlier studies, to which we will make reference in our presentation.
バスク人グアム司教の日本隔離中の宣教・司牧活動における外交面の分析（1942－1943年）(2)
本研究は、バスク出身のカプチン会修道士であり、宣教の地グアムの司教となったミゲル・アンヘル・オラノ・イ・ウルテアガ猊下が第２次世界大戦中に米海軍基地グアムから捕虜の扱いで連行された先、日本で１９４２年～１９４３年に書き残した編年史を史料とし、日本で展開した宣教・司牧活動における外交面の質的な分析を行うことを目的とする。本史料はスペイン国ナバラ州パンプローナ市にあるカプチン修道会管区歴史史料館のカプチン会修道士オラノの部門に所蔵されている。本稿（２）は日本スペイン史学会で２０２１年６月に発表した研究の続編である。(本研究はJSPS科研費#20K01538の助成を受けたものである。)
具体的には、この特殊な状況下で、１）オラノの宣教師・司教としての外交活動はどのように展開するか、２）どのような目的で活動しているか、３）日本での隔離中にアメリカ側から日本側に寝返るか、４）日本的な在り方とオラノのとは何が違うか、５）日本で関わる信徒たち、またグアムに残してきた信徒たちとの関係はどのようなものか、の５点を史料から抽出し、分析・解説する。
最終的には、戦時の日本に、日本に友好的な中立国スペインの国民であるにもかかわらず、捕虜であるかのように連行され、監視を受けつつも、平和の模索にその宣教・司牧活動を通じてカトリック司教オラノがどのような役割を担ったかを解明することを視野に入れる。
オラノ直筆の記録を分析するため、先行研究とは方法論・意図・視点・史料において一線を画す。